La exposición temprana al tabaco puede causar problemas de conducta en los niños

madreshoy.com – 9 de octubre de 2015 – España

Creo que a estas alturas todos sabemos que la exposición al humo del tabaco es perjudicial para la salud de todos, niños y adultos. Sin embargo, esto no parece ser suficiente para muchas personas que siguen sometiendo a sus hijos a humos de segunda mano, propios o ajenos. Tal vez decirles que exponer a los niños al humo del tabaco puede provocar problemas de conducta les resulte algo más palpable y despierte su sensibilidad.

Un grupo de investigadores del French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) y la Universidad Pierre y Marie Curie (UPMC) ha analizado datos sobre la exposición prenatal y posnatal al tabaco en hogares de 5.200 niños de escuelas primarias. Estos científicos franceses han encontrado que la exposición temprana al tabaco puede conducir a problemas de comportamiento en los niños, en particular trastornos emocionales y de conducta. La asociación más fuerte se produce cuando la exposición tiene lugar tanto durante el embarazo y después del nacimiento. Los resultados de esta investigación se han publicado en la revista PLoS ONE.

Publicación original: 

http://madreshoy.com/la-exposicion-temprana-al-tabaco-puede-causar-problemas-de-conducta-en-los-ninos/ 

Flavored Tobacco Lures Kids, CDC Says

nbcnews.com – 30 de Septiembre de 2015 – EEUU

Kids who smoke, vape or chew tobacco are flocking to the flavored varieties, a new government report shows.

Seventy percent of middle and high school students who say they've used tobacco are going for the flavor, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports. And that's a worry.

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Publicación original:

http://www.nbcnews.com/health/kids-health/flavored-tobacco-lures-kids-cdc-says-n436321

Stop smoking: Making tobacco a thing of the past. WHO taking action!

health24.com – 17 de septiembre de 2015 – EEUU

The World Health Organisation on Wednesday launched strategies aimed at getting Europeans to start moving and stop smoking over the next decade to defuse what it termed the ticking time-bomb of sedentary lifestyles.

"Health systems across the region (Europe) risk being crippled by people suffering the effects of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour," Doctor Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, said in a Wednesday statement issued at talks in the Lithuanian capital Vilnius.

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http://www.health24.com/Lifestyle/Stop-smoking/Smoking-alternatives/Stop-smoking-Making-tobacco-a-thing-of-the-past-20150916

Fetuses Exposed to Tobacco Smoke May Have Increased Diabetes Risk

tasnimnews.com – 9 de marzo de 2015 – Irán

Women whose parents smoked during pregnancy had increased risk of diabetes mellitus independent of known risk factors, adding to the evidence that prenatal environmental chemical exposures can contribute to adult diabetes mellitus.

The results were presented in a poster at ENDO 2015, the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society in San Diego.

"From a public health perspective, reduced fetal environmental tobacco smoke exposure appears to be an important modifiable risk factor for diabetes mellitus in offspring," said lead study author Michele La Merrill, MPH, PhD, assistant professor of in the Department of Environmental Toxicology at the University of California, Davis.

"Medical doctors should consider advising pregnant smokers that emerging research suggests that tobacco smoking cessation in the home may benefit offspring by reducing their risk of developing diabetes mellitus independent of the effects of adult body mass index or birth weight on diabetes risk," she added.

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http://www.tasnimnews.com/english/Home/Single/680073

Fighting smokeless tobacco, promoting children's dental health

meadvilletribune.com – 16 de Febrero de 2015 – EEUU

A number of Crawford and Venango County groups have proclaimed the week of Feb. 15 to 21 as “Through With Chew Week” in an effort to call attention to the use of smokeless tobacco.

The highlight of the week is Thursday, which has been designated the “Great American Spit-Out” and calls for all smokeless tobacco users to start a plan to quit.

The week is organized by Crawford and Venango County dentists groups, community organizations, the NWPA Tobacco Control Program, YWCA Titusville and the Pennsylvania Department of Health.

In 2013, 5.7 percent of high school students in the U.S. used smokeless tobacco, the groups reported. The public awareness campaign is designed to reduce the use of smokeless tobacco among young people.

A flyer campaign highlighting misleading information and hidden dangers of smokeless tobacco is taking place during “Through With Chew Week.” Corky’s Pizza in Pleasantville and Little Caesars Pizza in Titusville will send fliers out with every order. The fliers are also being distributed to students at Titusville high and middle schools, and community dentists will have fliers on display as an added incentive to tobacco cessation services already offered to patients.

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http://www.meadvilletribune.com/news/fighting-smokeless-tobacco-promoting-children-s-dental-health/article_8cf7d90c-b58b-11e4-8907-6fa4c8410a16.html

tennessean.com – 21 de Octubre de 2014 –EEUU

New efforts try to get kids off tobacco farms

WASHINGTON – Two years after the Obama administration backed off a rule that would have banned children from dangerous agriculture jobs, public health advocates and lawmakers are trying anew to get kids off tobacco farms.

The new efforts were jumpstarted by a Human Rights Watch report in May that said nearly three-quarters of the children interviewed by the group reported vomiting, nausea and headaches while working on tobacco farms. Those symptoms are consistent with nicotine poisoning, often called Green Tobacco Sickness, which occurs when workers absorb nicotine through their skin while handling tobacco plants.

Publicación original:

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http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/local/2014/10/21/new-efforts-try-get-kids-tobacco-farms/17692841/

tennessean.com – 10 de septiembre de 2014 – EEUU

Big tobacco farms exploit children

I grew up in Middle Tennessee each year working with my dad raising tobacco. When I was 9, I would go down each row, dropping tobacco sticks to put the fresh-cut tobacco on to hang in the barn. I had many enjoyable memories along with my three younger sisters in the family tradition.

Now, Big Tobacco farmers are working minors, in big fields in Tennessee and North Carolina, for 12-hour shifts six days a week. That is exploitation, it’s wrong and it needs to be stopped immediately. Many of these young workers are getting very sick from contact with nicotine and are being forced to work in the rain. Most of these workers are migrants. The parents put their own children in the fields to work as well.

We complain of garment factories in China and India working minors making our clothes. It is sad to say, but we do little to stop the abuse of minors in our fields here at home.

Ron Story

Charlotte 37036

Publicación original:

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http://www.tennessean.com/story/opinion/readers/2014/09/10/big-tobacco-farms-exploit-children/15349839/

eurekalert.org – 14 de mayo de 2014 – Europa CE

Study examines prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke on inhibition control

Individuals prenatally exposed to tobacco smoke exhibited weaker response in some regions of the brain while processing a task that measures inhibition control (the ability to control inappropriate responses).

Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is a risk factor for adverse physical and mental outcomes in children. Growing evidence suggests that smoking during pregnancy may increase the risk of psychopathology such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Research on ADHD has suggested that individuals with the disorder may exhibit poor inhibitory control.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed at age 25 years on young adults who had been followed since birth to examine the effect of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure on neural activity implicated in externalizing disorders, such as ADHD, with measures of inhibitory control. Lifetime ADHD symptoms were measured over a period of 13 years (from 2 to 15 years of age). The study included 178 mothers (140 of whom were nonsmokers) and 175 offspring for whom ADHD symptoms were measured throughout childhood.

Individuals prenatally exposed to tobacco smoke exhibited less activity in regions of the brain in response to a task that measured inhibitory control vs. neutral stimuli. The group prenatally exposed to tobacco smoke also exhibited more lifetime ADHD symptoms.

Publicación original:

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-05/tjnj-sep051314.ph

colorlines.com – 14 de mayo de 2014 – EEUU

Child Tobacco Workers in U.S. Linked to Marlboro, Newport, Camel Cigarettes

Human Rights Watch (HRW) released a damning report that illustrates the conditions that child tobacco workers endure in the United States. The organization interviewed 141 child workers between the ages of 7 and 17 who work tobacco fields in North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, where 90 percent of tobacco is cultivated in the U.S. The conditions that children endure—including likely poisoning—are horrifying:

Nearly three-quarters of the children interviewed by Human Rights Watch reported the sudden onset of serious symptoms—including nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, headaches, dizziness, skin rashes, difficulty breathing, and irritation to their eyes and mouths—while working in fields of tobacco plants and in barns with dried tobacco leaves and tobacco dust. Many of these symptoms are consistent with acute nicotine poisoning.

Tobacco cultivation is hard work, and HRW has found that children are exploited to work the fields in every step, from seeding to pesticide application to harvesting—sometimes by hand, sometimes by machine. Working by hand includes literally working on hands and knees to pick weeds. But working with machines or tools increases the likelihood of grave injury from sudden lacerations.

Publicación original:

http://colorlines.com/archives/2014/05/child_tobacco_workers_in_us_linked_to_marlboro_newport_camel_cigarettes.html

hrw.org – 14 de mayo de 2014 – EEUU

EE.UU.: Menores que trabajan en plantaciones de tabaco están en riesgo

(Washington, DC, 14 de mayo de 2014) – Los niños que trabajan en plantaciones de tabaco en Estados Unidos están expuestos a nicotina, plaguicidas tóxicos y otros peligros, señaló Human Rights Watch en un informe difundido hoy. Si bien las leyes estadounidenses prohíben la venta de productos de tabaco a menores, estos sí pueden trabajar legalmente en las plantaciones de tabaco en EE. UU. Las compañías tabacaleras más grandes del mundo compran tabaco cultivado en plantíos estadounidenses, sin embargo, ninguna de estas empresas cuenta con políticas sobre trabajo infantil que protejan adecuadamente a los menores frente a trabajos riesgosos.

El informe de 138 páginas, “Tobacco’s Hidden Children: Hazardous Child Labor in US Tobacco Farming” (Los niños detrás del tabaco: trabajo infantil peligroso en plantaciones tabacaleras de Estados Unidos), documenta las condiciones laborales de menores que trabajan en haciendas productoras de tabaco en cuatro estados donde se cultiva el 90 por ciento del tabaco de Estados Unidos: Carolina del Norte, Kentucky, Tennessee y Virginia. Los menores aseveraron que sufren vómitos, sensación de náusea, dolores de cabeza y mareos mientras trabajan en las plantaciones de tabaco. Todos estos son síntomas asociados con intoxicación aguda por nicotina. Asimismo, muchos dijeron que trabajaban extensas jornadas sin cobrar horas extras, a menudo en condiciones de calor extremo sin sombra ni descansos suficientes, y que no usaban equipos de protección o que estos eran inadecuados.

“Cuando termina el año escolar, los niños se dirigen a los campos de tabaco, donde no pueden evitar quedar expuestos al peligro de la nicotina, sin fumar siquiera un solo cigarrillo”, señaló Margaret Wurth, investigadora sobre derechos del niño de Human Rights Watch y coautora del informe. “No es sorprendente que los niños expuestos a sustancias tóxicas en las plantaciones de tabaco se enfermen”.

El informe se elaboró a partir de entrevistas con 141 menores que trabajan en el sector tabacalero, de entre 7 y 17 años.

Publicación original:

http://www.hrw.org/es/news/2014/05/13/ee-uu-menores-que-trabajan-en-plantaciones-de-tabaco-estan-en-riesgo