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martes, 3 de febrero de 2015

Snuffing Out China's Deadly Habit

usnews.com – 1de Febrero de 2015 – China

China is home to nearly one-third of the world’s smokers: more than 300 million of them. That’s not much less than the total population of the United States. Since 2006, overall smoking rates in China have remained static at about 25 percent. Every year, approximately 1.2 million Chinese die from tobacco-related diseases, and about 100,000 more perish from the effects of secondhand smoke. If these trends continue, tobacco-related casualties in China will reach 3 million per year by 2050.

To help address this health crisis, China’s parliament is considering a ban on all tobacco ads except those at point-of-sale retail locations. How does this compare to the current state of play regarding Chinese tobacco ads? And could the new law shift the tobacco-control landscape?

Current laws ban direct tobacco advertising at the national level. But major loopholes allow for carefully constructed “stealth” marketing. For example, an enormous billboard at the Changyang Road of Shanghai reads “Ai Wo Zhonghua,” which can be interpreted as “love my China (Zhonghua)” or “love my Zhonghua cigarettes.” The billboard even resembles a pack of Zhonghua smokes. Unsurprisingly, nearly 50 percent of Shanghai smokers and 40 percent of nonsmokers thought of Zhonghua cigarettes when surveyed about the meaning of “Ai Wo Zhonghua.”

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U.S. cancer rates drop 22% over past 20 years

theday.com – 2 de Febrero de 2015 – EEUU

Screenings, advances in cancer prevention and treatment and declines in tobacco use have combined to create good news: Cancer rates have dropped 22 percent in two decades, the American Cancer Society said.

Death rates from four major types of cancer - lung, breast, prostate and colon - drove the decrease, the society reported.

"It's wonderful news," said Dr. Richard Wender, chief cancer control officer for the society in Atlanta. "There's no mystery about how this happened. The biggest factor has been reduction in tobacco use - first in men and then in women."

While rates dropped largely because more people are putting out their cigarettes for good, cancer experts said advancements in screening are also helping save more lives.

Screenings for breast and colon cancer are key, said Cam Scott, senior director of government relations in Texas for the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network.

"Basically, breast cancer is a curable form of cancer if it is caught early," Scott said. "If breast cancer is caught at an early stage there is a 98 percent survival rate."

The survival rate drops to 24 percent if caught later, Scott said.

CM backs tobacco-free educational institutions drive

indiatimes.com – 1 de Febrero de 2015 – India

NAGPUR: Anti-tobacco activists from the state on Saturday started a tobacco-free educational institutions campaign. They met chief minister Devendra Fadnavis to talk about the rising problem of chewing tobacco addiction in the state. The chief minister promptly signed a letter supporting the cause.

In the city, activists from NGO Maharashtra Cancer Warriors and several other leaders too met Fadnavis seeking support in the fight against tobacco addiction. They also spoke to RSS functionaries to include tobacco among the substances they ask their followers to keep away from. The delegation, led by MLA Ashish Deshmukh, included Dr Pankaj Chaturvedi, Dr Vinay Hazarey, Dr Abhishek Vaidya, Dr Suraj Pawar and Dr Pranav Ingole.

Tobacco sales to minors up

hngnews.com – 1 de Febrero de 2015 – EEUU

Teens are finding it easier to get their hands on tobacco according to a report released this week by Tobacco Free Columbia-Dane County Coalition.

Minors working with the Wisconsin Wins (WI Wins) compliance program were able to buy tobacco products from gas stations, convenience stores and pharmacies in record numbers last year.

“This is the highest non-compliance rates we have seen since 2006 in Dane County. While there have been ebbs and flows in our numbers this is a significant jump and we are concerned,” said Ryan Sheahan, coordinator for the Tobacco Free Columbia-Dane County Coalition.

The highest jump was in Dane County (excluding Madison) with sales more than tripling over last year. In Columbia County, there was a 12.4 percent sales rate for 2014, compared with a 7.2 percent in 2013.

While Sheahan says the reason behind the increase is unclear, the agency is doubling its efforts by educate their business owners and their employees on Wisconsin’s law prohibiting tobacco sales to those under 18.

“We are sending out letters to clerks in all licensed establishments to take the test at www.smokecheck.org to verify their knowledge,” Sheahan said. “Our biggest challenge is to help educate and train retailers and clerks since we consider them to be key partners in keeping tobacco out of the hands of youth.”

Pharmacies turned out to have the highest noncompliance rates in both counties last year, outpacing the more traditional venues of gas stations, convenience and groceries stores.

Pittsburgh Mercy Health System latest to go tobacco-free

90min.com – 1 de Febrero de 2015 – EEUU

Pittsburgh Mercy Health System on Sunday became the latest health care provider in the Pittsburgh area to go tobacco-free.

The ban covers nearly every tobacco- and vapor-based product available, from cigarettes to snus to e-cigarettes, and affects not only patients, but employees, even when they are on designated work breaks.

“The word ‘health' being very important to us, we needed to be concerned about the people we serve and their families, but also the people who work for us and their families,” said Mark Rogalsky, manager of prevention services for the health system. “It goes along with our drug-free workplace policy.”

There are about 1,700 employees at the health system, which doesn't have an acute-care hospital, but offers physical and mental health care to adults and children. Mercy hospital, Uptown, is part of UPMC.

lunes, 26 de enero de 2015

Reino Unido eliminará las marcas de tabaco de las cajetillas

euronews.com – 22 de Enero de 2015 – UK

Las autoridades del Reino Unido se plantean imponer la misma medida que Australia y eliminar la marca de tabaco de los paquetes para mostrar los efectos del consumo de cigarrillos.

El Ejecutivo de David Cameron se plantea aprobar la ley antes de las elecciones del próximo mes de mayo. La nueva normativa entraría en vigor en 2016. “El Gobierno está totalmente comprometido a proteger a los niños del daño producido por el tabaco. Por eso anuncio que adelantaremos la legislación para la estandarización de las cajetillas antes del final de este parlamento”, explicaba Jane Ellison, ministra de Salud Pública.

La oposición ha mostrado su acuerdo pero ha criticado la lentitud del Ejecutivo después de que los diputados hubieran votado a favor de la medida hace casi un año, como sostenía la laborista Luciana Berger: “Estoy asombrada de que el Gobierno haya finalmente escuchado a cientos de expertos en salud pública que han estado pidiendo la estandarización de las cajetillas de tabaco desde hace mucho tiempo.”

Los cambios legislativos, en cualquier caso, no son sencillos. Pese a que el consumo bajó en Australia cerca de un 3% en 2013, el primer año con la norma en vigor, las autoridades están afrontando litigios internacionales con las marcas de tabaco.

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Cigarrillo electrónico puede ser hasta 15 veces más cancerígeno que el tabaco

ElComercio.com elcomercio.com – 21 de Enero de 2015 – España

Calentado al máximo y aspirado profundamente, el vapor que contiene nicotina en los cigarrillos electrónicos puede formar formaldehído, una sustancia que lo hace entre cinco y 15 veces más cancerígeno que el tabaco común, según un estudio publicado este miércoles (21 de enero de 2015).

"Hemos constatado que el formaldehído puede formarse durante el proceso de vaporización de los cigarrillos electrónicos", indican los investigadores de la Universidad de Portland (Oregon, noroeste) en el diario de medicina New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).

Los científicos usaron una máquina para "inhalar" el vapor de los cigarrillos electrónicos de baja y alta tensión para determinar cómo se forma el formaldehído, una conocida sustancia cancerígena, a partir del líquido que usan estos dispositivos. Con el experimento, los investigadores constataron que cuando el cigarrillo electrónico calienta el líquido a alta tensión (5 voltios), se produce una tasa de formaldehído más elevada que la de los cigarrillos convencionales.

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New Research Raising Questions About E-Cigarettes

cbslocal.com – 22 de Enero de 2015 – EEUU


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77 parks in Ann Arbor going smoke-free on Feb. 1

mlive.com – 23 de Enero de 2015 – EEUU

A new smoking ban in Ann Arbor parks, including 73 parks with playgrounds and four downtown parks, will take effect on Feb. 1.

The move comes nearly 10 months after the City Council approved an outdoor smoking ordinance empowering the city administrator to designate parks as smoke-free in consultation with the city's Park Advisory Commission.

PAC made a recommendation last September to go smoke-free in 77 of the city's 158 parks to start, and City Administrator Steve Powers is following through.

The prohibitions apply to smoking cigarettes, cigars and pipes, as well as usage of electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes.

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La venta de cigarrillos retrocede al nivel de hace 50 años

elmundo.es – 21 de Enero de 2015 – España
Los españoles consumen hoy el mismo número de cigarrillos que en 1965 -la última década de la dictadura-; entre los motivos que hacen que estos 50 años parezcan no ser nada, destacan la crisis económica, el paro, las subidas de impuestos y precios, y el aumento del contrabando.

En la actualidad, el consumo de cigarrillos en España en el mercado legal se sitúa en 2,15 millones de cajetillas, a caballo entre el volumen que se fumaron los españoles en 1964 (2,034 millones) y 1965 (2,20 millones).

Cifras que quedan muy lejos de los 4,66 millones de cajetillas que se alcanzaron entre 2008 y 2009, y que suponía pulverizar el récord de años atrás.

Al margen de los datos económicos que inciden directamente en esta evolución, la pregunta que todos se hacen es si detrás de estos datos se esconde que, en realidad, hay menos fumadores o si por el contrario son los mismos, pero lo hacen con menos intensidad.

Según explica a Efeagro el vicepresidente de asuntos corporativos de JTI, Miguel Luengo, sus estudios de mercado -entrevistas a una muestra de población entre 18 y 64 años- reflejan que son los mismos fumadores; la diferencia es que hace 50 años fumaban entre 30 y 35 cigarrillos al día y ahora esas cifran bajan a entre 12 y 13, entre otros motivos porque "hay menos ocasiones de consumo".

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